The department consists of nine program divisions:

Portfolio Services & Strategic Projects - provides a cross program focus for research, policy analysis and strategic planning to support the Departmental Executive in determining portfolio priorities to ensure that they are delivered in a coordinated and collaborative manner. The Division has central office responsibility for development of strategic priorities and policy direction for the department.

Metropolitan Health & Aged Care - is responsible for the full range of health and aged care services in metropolitan Melbourne, covering acute, sub-acute, ambulance and hospitals.

Rural & Regional Health & Aged Care - has State wide policy and program direction responsibility for aged and home care, primary health, dental health and public health.

Operations - The role of Operations Division is to facilitate a whole-of-department perspective on operational policy and direct service delivery. Operations Division is responsible for managing day-to-day operational issues in regions and the three youth justice centres. It also has responsibility for state emergency recovery (under Regional Operations Performance branch) and human resources.

Housing & Community Building (Office of Housing) - Oversees the delivery of secure, affordable and appropriate housing and homelessness assistance to low income Victorians, including emergency and transitional accommodation, long term rental housing, private rental and home ownership assistance.

Children Youth & Families - Focused on the health, safety and wellbeing of children, young people and families in Victoria.

Disability Services - responsible for funding and providing a range of supports and services for people in Victoria with intellectual, physical, sensory and dual disabilities, neurological impairments and acquired brain injury. 

Financial & Corporate Services - Delivers internal services to the department such as finance, capital management, administration and information services.

Mental Health & Drugs - Supports the mental health and wellbeing of the Victorian community through education, prevention and early intervention strategies.